Yellowfin sole are much smaller than halibut, reaching a length of 18 inches (46 cm). They live on the seafloor where the adults feed on bivalve molluscs, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. On the eastern Bering Sea shelf, yellowfin sole overwinter near the shelf edge and migrate toward the inner shelf in spring for feeding and spawning.
A female can produce up to 3.3 million eggs. As the larvae mature into juveniles they undergo a metamorphosis similar to that of halibut, in which the left eye moves to the right side of the head, and the left side of the body loses pigmentation.